Louisville, Kentucky had 795,222 residents as of July 1, 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025), ranking #18 nationally and #1 in Kentucky. cost of living runs 6.9% below the U.S. average (BEA RPP 2024); a family of four needs roughly $93,902/yr to break even (2025 modeled). This consolidated city-county profile draws on 11 federal datasets covering population, housing, income, employment, climate, and risk.
SourceU.S. Census · PEP
VintageV2025
Reference2025-07-01
Place typeConsolidated city-county
GEOID2148003
Last build2026-05-29
At a glance.
2025 population
795,222
Census Vintage 2025
Median HH income
$69,866
-10.1% vs US $77,719
Median home value
$248,400
-18.1% vs US $303,400
Avg July high
87°F
NOAA 1991–2020
Gigabit broadband
97%
ISP-reported, FCC BDC
Unemployment
4.8%
Louisville · BLS LAUS
Key statistics.
2025 population
795,222
Census Vintage 2025, July 1, 2025
2020 base
782,962
April 1, 2020 census base
5-yr change
+12,260
2020 base → 2025; within V2025
5-yr change %
+1.6%
Within V2025 only
1-yr change
+1,056
2024 → 2025 estimate
1-yr change %
+0.1%
Within V2025 only
Density
3,026
people per sq mi, land only
Land area
262.8
sq mi (2025 Gazetteer)
U.S. rank by population
#18
of 19,483 cities
State rank by population
#1
of 418 in Kentucky
Population history.
Population grew 1.6% from the April 2020 base to mid-2025.
Vintage 2025 · annual estimates
Recent history (V2025 series, 2020 base → 2025).
2020 base: 782,962 → 2025: 795,222 (+1.6%)
Year
Population
Reference date
2020 base
782,962
April 1, 2020
2020
782,866
July 1, 2020
2021
777,774
July 1, 2021
2022
778,999
July 1, 2022
2023
784,607
July 1, 2023
2024
794,166
July 1, 2024
2025
795,222
July 1, 2025
Vintage 2019 · not available
Earlier-vintage history is not available for Louisville. Consolidated city-county governments did not receive direct V2019 PEP estimates.
Place type · consolidated_city
Louisville is a consolidated city-county.
Louisville is a consolidated city-county government. The population shown here is the consolidated total (SUMLEV=170), which combines the city government with the surrounding county. Separately-incorporated enclaves are excluded from this total but counted on their own rows. Density and land area are derived from the balance-entry geometry and are slightly overstated as a result. See the methodology for the SUMLEV=170 ↔ balance-entry mapping.
What's the median income in Louisville?
Median household income is 10% below the U.S. median ($69,866 vs $77,719); 14.3% live in poverty — 1.8 points above the 12.5% U.S. rate.
Income and poverty estimates for Louisville from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates (window 2020–2024). Every figure is shown with its 90% margin of error (MOE). Cells where the ± margin exceeds half the estimate are flagged "low precision." See methodology §12.
Measure
Estimate
± margin / note
Median household income
69,866-10.1% vs US
±1,228
Per capita income
42,087-2.8% vs US
±591
Population in poverty
14.3%
share of population for whom poverty status is determined
Median home value is 18% below the U.S. median ($248,400 vs $303,400); median rent is 15% below ($1,149 vs $1,348); price-to-income ratio (3.6×) is roughly in line with the U.S. median (3.9×).
Poverty (Census SAIPE 2024, model-based), unemployment (BLS LAUS 2024 annual averages), and remote-work share (ACS 2020–2024) for Louisville. Numbers are labeled at their native grain — place-grain when BLS publishes it, otherwise per-county. We do not compute population-weighted county averages. See methodology §13.
Measure
Value
Grain
Unemployment rate (annual avg)
4.8%
Louisville (BLS sub-state LAUS)
Civilian labor force
395,540
2024 annual avg
Worked from home
14.2%+1.1% vs US
share of workers 16+ commuting from home · U.S. median: 14% · ACS
County context — Louisville sits in Jefferson County:
County
Poverty rate
Median HH income
Unemployment
Jefferson County
14.6%
$70,659
4.8%
What workers earn in the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN metro — top occupations by employment plus six curated benchmarks (registered nurse, software developer, elementary teacher, general manager, retail salesperson, truck driver). Wages are metro-area medians from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (May 2024). See methodology §25.
Occupation
Employment
Median annual
Median hourly
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand
29,200
$45,870
$22.05
Miscellaneous Assemblers and Fabricators
22,810
$47,130
$22.66
Customer Service Representatives
16,040
$39,540
$19.01
Stockers and Order Fillers
16,040
$38,180
$18.36
Fast Food and Counter Workers
15,970
$28,340
$13.63
Cashiers
12,250
$29,110
$14.00
General and Operations Managers · benchmark
18,560
$84,670
$40.71
Registered Nurses · benchmark
17,300
$81,200
$39.04
Retail Salespersons · benchmark
16,080
$30,090
$14.47
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers · benchmark
11,890
$58,820
$28.28
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education · benchmark
All items run 6.9% below the U.S. average (RPP 93.1); utilities run 25.0% below (RPP 75.0) — the metro's utility affordability is the main driver.
BEA Regional Price Parity (all items)
RPP 93.1
−6.9% vs U.S. average · BEA 2024 · Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN metro
HUD Fair Market Rent, 2-BR
$1,272/mo
FY2026 · Louisville, KY-IN HUD Metro FMR Area
State income tax (top marginal rate)
4.00%
flat · TY2025
Family-of-four monthly budget total
$7,825/mo
3BR rent + food + childcare + taxes + transport · federal sources
Single-adult monthly budget total
$4,294/mo
1BR rent + food + taxes + transport · federal sources
Local income tax
—
not applicable in Kentucky · no modeled local income tax
Household budget figures are arithmetic floors using current federal sources at the grains documented in methodology. Not a recommended salary, not a poverty threshold, not a composite score.
10.0% foreign-born (U.S. median 14%); Spanish is the most-spoken language at home other than English (6.7% of residents 5+).
Where Louisville's residents come from and what they speak at home, from the ACS 5-Year 2020–2024. Foreign-born is the share of residents born outside the U.S. (any citizenship status); language-at-home is reported only for residents 5 and older.
Measure
Value
± margin / note
Foreign-born share
10.0%-28.8% vs US
share of residents born outside the U.S. · U.S. median: 14% · ACS B05002
Speak only English at home
87.1%
share of population 5+ · ACS C16001 line 2
Top non-English language at home
Spanish6.7%
most-spoken language other than English among residents 5+ · ACS C16001 collapsed buckets
These are K-12 public school districts. Higher education (colleges and universities) is not represented in this dataset.
Public school districts serving Louisville, from the NCES EDGE Geographic Relationship Files (GRF25, 2024–25 school year boundaries). The join is many-to-many — large cities often span multiple districts, and one district often serves multiple cities. Sorted primary district first. See methodology §12 for the consolidated-city fallback and Milford CT special case.
Source: NCES EDGE GRF25 · school year 2024–25 · methodology →
What's the climate like in Louisville?
Hottest month: July (87°F avg high). Coldest: January (25°F avg low). Annual precipitation: 50.3 in.
30-year climate normals (1991-2020) for Louisville from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. See methodology §15 for the gridded vs. station source path.
Average monthly highs & lows · 30-year normal (NOAA 1991–2020). Every number on this chart is an average.
bar = avg daily high → avg daily lowprecip in inches below each barprecip in millimeters below each bar
15 non-satellite ISPs serve the area; 97% of locations have gigabit-capable service per ISP filings.
Fixed broadband availability for Louisville from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission's Broadband Data Collection (BDC), as of June 30, 2025. Every speed and provider count below is an ISP-reported advertised maximum — not measured throughput. Actual delivered speeds typically run 60–80% of advertised. See methodology §16.
Measure
Value
Note
Providers serving this city
15 + satellite
distinct ISPs, excluding satellite-only
Fiber providers
12
offer fiber-to-the-premises somewhere in the BDC
Units with ≥100/20 Mbps fixed
100.0%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Locations with ≥100 Mbps upload
97.0%
derived: max(fiber ≥100/20, gigabit). Fiber is symmetric; gigabit is ≥100 up by definition
Units with ≥1 Gbps fixed
97.0%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Total broadband-serviceable units
184,112
residential locations in the FCC Fabric (not households)
Source: FCC BDC · as of June 30, 2025 · methodology →
In-state context.
Louisville sits at state rank #1 among 418 cities in Kentucky. Nearby in the state ranking:
Louisville is ranked #18 of 19,483 U.S. cities by 2025 population.
Just above in the profiled set: San Francisco, CA · #17 · 826,079 residents.
Just below in the profiled set: Seattle, WA · #19 · 784,777 residents.
Quick travel facts for Louisville
Quick travel facts.
Nearest commercial airport
Louisville Muhammad Ali International Airport(SDF) ·
5 mi 8 km from city centroid
Best months to visit
Oct · months when the avg high sits in 65–80°F and precipitation is at or below the city's median monthly precip
Sources: elevation from USGS Elevation Point Query Service (3DEP) · nearest airport from OurAirports CSV (FAA-aligned, type=large/medium, scheduled_service=yes) · best months derived from NOAA 1991-2020 normals · methodology →
Sources · provenance
Every listed dataset is used on this page.
The GEOID for Louisville is 2148003. These are the official datasets used by this profile's main data modules; click "methodology" for inclusion rules and the V2019 ↔ V2025 seam, or "source" for the raw publisher page.
