Data · Public domain

Every included Census-estimated city, in one CSV.

Name: U.S. cities by population (Census Vintage 2025)
Creator: Every City in the USA
Published: 2026-05-11
License: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/

Download a single sourced file with all 19,483 U.S. cities the Census Bureau publishes annual population estimates for (U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025), reference date July 1, 2025. Includes every incorporated place plus eight consolidated cities and four special cases (DC, Honolulu, Houma LA, Tribune KS). 79 columns covering population, growth, density, land area, and rank. Public-domain, sha256 published.

Format CSV (UTF-8)
Rows 19,483
Vintage V2025
Reference 2025-07-01
Last build 2026-09-23
License U.S. public domain (17 U.S.C. § 105)

cities-v2025.csv

Download the file

Stable URL. Rebuilt with each new Census vintage. Each build publishes a fresh sha256 below so the bytes you download can be verified against this page.

Format: CSV, UTF-8, comma-delimited, header row
Rows: 19,483
Columns: 79
Size: 10.1 MB
sha256: 02b3536ba853…
Reference: 2025-07-01 (Vintage V2025)
Build: 2026-09-23

Download cities-v2025.csv(10.1 MB)Read the schema below ↓

Coverage universe

Do not use this CSV as total U.S. population.

The rows in this file sum to 215,859,657 residents for 2025. After subtracting the 197,230 residents counted both in consolidated-city totals and separately incorporated enclave rows, the additive city-universe population is 215,662,427: 63.1% of the 341,784,857 residents in the 50 states + DC.

The remaining 126,122,430 residents (36.9%) are mostly in unincorporated areas, Census-designated places, minor civil divisions / townships, rural county-balance areas, and other geographies outside this V1 city universe. For current-year aggregate work, sum one population field only: use pop_2025 (the Vintage 2025 Census Bureau estimate as of July 1, 2025). The CSV also includes pop_current as a build-time alias for pop_2025; prefer the year-tagged column for vintage-explicit work.

What's in the file

One row per city. Columns are listed in the order they appear in the CSV. Types follow the convention integer | null meaning the field is an integer where present and an empty cell where the underlying source has no value. The schema below is generated at build time from the dataset's field dictionary, so it cannot drift from what's actually in the file.

Column	Type	Description
`geoid`	`string`	Seven-character Census GEOID. SUMLEV=162: STATE(2)+PLACE(5). SUMLEV=170: STATE(2)+CONCIT(5). See methodology §4 and §7.1.
`name`	`string`	SUB-EST NAME field, verbatim (e.g. 'Auburn city').
`name_short`	`string`	Display name with trailing LSAD-suffix word stripped (e.g. 'Auburn'). See methodology §7.1.
`slug`	`string`	URL slug for /cities/{slug}/. lowercase + hyphens + state abbreviation. Unique.
`state_fips`	`string`	Two-character state FIPS code.
`state_abbr`	`string`	Two-letter USPS state abbreviation.
`state_name`	`string`	Full state name.
`place_fips`	`string`	Five-character place or CONCIT FIPS.
`sumlev`	`string`	Census summary level — '162' for incorporated places + the 1 included CDP, '170' for the 8 consolidated cities. Methodology §4.
`funcstat`	`string`	Functional status code. A=active, B=active-partially-consolidated, N=nonfunctioning, S=statistical (CDP).
`lsad`	`string`	Legal/Statistical Area Description code. NULL when no gazetteer match.
`lsad_description`	`string`	Human label for LSAD code. NULL when LSAD is NULL.
`place_type`	`string`	Derived: incorporated_place \| consolidated_city \| nonfunctioning_legal_place \| cdp_in_estimates \| partially_consolidated. Methodology §4.
`pop_2025`	`integer`	Resident population estimate for July 1, 2025. Vintage 2025.
`pop_current`	`integer`	Alias of pop_2025 for the current published Census PEP vintage.
`pop_2024`	`integer`	Resident population estimate for July 1, 2024. Revised within Vintage 2025.
`pop_2023`	`integer`	Resident population estimate for July 1, 2023. Revised within Vintage 2025.
`pop_2022`	`integer`	Resident population estimate for July 1, 2022. Revised within Vintage 2025.
`pop_2021`	`integer`	Resident population estimate for July 1, 2021. Revised within Vintage 2025.
`pop_2020`	`integer`	Resident population estimate for July 1, 2020. Vintage 2025 — re-based to 2020 census.
`pop_base_2020`	`integer`	Population estimates BASE for April 1, 2020. Vintage 2025.
`pop_2019`	`integer \| null`	Resident population estimate for July 1, 2019. Vintage 2019. NULL if no V2019 record.
`pop_2018`	`integer \| null`	July 1, 2018 estimate. Vintage 2019.
`pop_2017`	`integer \| null`	July 1, 2017 estimate. Vintage 2019.
`pop_2016`	`integer \| null`	July 1, 2016 estimate. Vintage 2019.
`pop_2015`	`integer \| null`	July 1, 2015 estimate. Vintage 2019.
`pop_2014`	`integer \| null`	July 1, 2014 estimate. Vintage 2019.
`pop_2013`	`integer \| null`	July 1, 2013 estimate. Vintage 2019.
`pop_2012`	`integer \| null`	July 1, 2012 estimate. Vintage 2019.
`pop_2011`	`integer \| null`	July 1, 2011 estimate. Vintage 2019.
`pop_2010`	`integer \| null`	July 1, 2010 estimate. Vintage 2019.
`pop_base_2010`	`integer \| null`	Population estimates BASE for April 1, 2010. Vintage 2019.
`pop_census_2010`	`integer \| null`	2010 decennial Census count. NULL when V2019 reported 'A' (place incorporated after 2010 census; 78 such places).
`growth_2020_2025_abs`	`integer`	pop_2025 − pop_base_2020. Within Vintage 2025.
`growth_2020_2025_pct`	`float`	100 × (pop_2025 − pop_base_2020) / pop_base_2020. NULL when base is 0.
`growth_2020_current_abs`	`integer`	Alias of growth_2020_2025_abs for the current published Census PEP vintage.
`growth_2020_current_pct`	`float`	Alias of growth_2020_2025_pct for the current published Census PEP vintage.
`growth_2024_2025_abs`	`integer`	pop_2025 − pop_2024. Within Vintage 2025.
`growth_2024_2025_pct`	`float`	100 × (pop_2025 − pop_2024) / pop_2024. NULL when 2024 is 0.
`growth_prev_current_abs`	`integer`	Alias of growth_2024_2025_abs for the current published Census PEP vintage.
`growth_prev_current_pct`	`float`	Alias of growth_2024_2025_pct for the current published Census PEP vintage.
`growth_2020_2024_abs`	`integer`	pop_2024 − pop_base_2020. Within the revised Vintage 2025 series.
`growth_2020_2024_pct`	`float`	100 × (pop_2024 − pop_base_2020) / pop_base_2020. NULL when base is 0.
`growth_2023_2024_abs`	`integer`	pop_2024 − pop_2023. Within the revised Vintage 2025 series.
`growth_2023_2024_pct`	`float`	100 × (pop_2024 − pop_2023) / pop_2023. NULL when 2023 is 0.
`growth_2010_2019_abs`	`integer \| null`	pop_2019 − pop_2010. Within Vintage 2019. NULL if either endpoint is NULL.
`growth_2010_2019_pct`	`float \| null`	100 × (pop_2019 − pop_2010) / pop_2010. NULL if pop_2010 is NULL or 0.
`national_rank_pop_2025`	`integer`	National rank by pop_2025 descending. Standard competition ranking (1,2,2,4).
`state_rank_pop_2025`	`integer`	Within-state rank by pop_2025 descending.
`national_rank_pop_current`	`integer`	Alias of national_rank_pop_2025 for the current published Census PEP vintage.
`state_rank_pop_current`	`integer`	Alias of state_rank_pop_2025 for the current published Census PEP vintage.
`national_rank_pop_2024`	`integer`	National rank by pop_2024 descending, using the revised 2024 estimate inside Vintage 2025.
`state_rank_pop_2024`	`integer`	Within-state rank by pop_2024 descending, using the revised 2024 estimate inside Vintage 2025.
`national_rank_growth_2020_2025_pct`	`integer \| null`	Rank by growth_2020_2025_pct descending. NULL when pop_base_2020 < 5,000 (denominator-artifact threshold).
`state_rank_growth_2020_2025_pct`	`integer \| null`	Within-state rank, same threshold.
`national_rank_growth_2020_current_pct`	`integer \| null`	Alias of national_rank_growth_2020_2025_pct for the current published Census PEP vintage.
`state_rank_growth_2020_current_pct`	`integer \| null`	Alias of state_rank_growth_2020_2025_pct for the current published Census PEP vintage.
`national_rank_growth_2020_2024_pct`	`integer \| null`	Rank by growth_2020_2024_pct descending, using the revised 2024 estimate inside Vintage 2025. NULL when pop_base_2020 < 5,000.
`state_rank_growth_2020_2024_pct`	`integer \| null`	Within-state rank, same threshold.
`national_rank_density`	`integer \| null`	Rank by density_per_sqmi descending. NULL when density is NULL.
`state_rank_density`	`integer \| null`	Within-state rank, same.
`land_area_sqmi`	`float \| null`	Land area in square miles. From 2025 Gazetteer ALAND_SQMI. NULL if no gazetteer match.
`water_area_sqmi`	`float \| null`	Water area in square miles. From 2025 Gazetteer.
`density_per_sqmi`	`float \| null`	pop_current / land_area_sqmi. NULL when land area is 0 or NULL.
`lat`	`float \| null`	Centroid latitude (INTPTLAT).
`lon`	`float \| null`	Centroid longitude (INTPTLONG).
`is_consolidated_city`	`boolean`	True for the 8 SUMLEV=170 records (Indianapolis, Nashville, Louisville, etc.).
`is_partially_consolidated`	`boolean`	True for FUNCSTAT='B' records.
`is_nonfunctioning_legal_place`	`boolean`	True for FUNCSTAT='N' records (Washington DC, Houma LA, Tribune KS).
`is_cdp_in_estimates`	`boolean`	True for the 1 FUNCSTAT='S' record (Urban Honolulu).
`incorporated_after_2010`	`boolean`	True if V2019 reported CENSUS2010POP='A' (78 places).
`gazetteer_match`	`boolean`	True if a gazetteer row was found for geometry_source_geoid.
`geometry_source_geoid`	`string`	GEOID actually used to look up gazetteer fields. Differs from geoid for consolidated cities.
`has_v2019_history`	`boolean`	True if a V2019 record was found.
`source_current_csv`	`string`	Filename of current Census PEP source.
`source_v2025_csv`	`string`	Filename of V2025 source.
`source_v2019_csv`	`string \| null`	Filename of V2019 source if used for this row.
`source_gazetteer`	`string \| null`	Filename of gazetteer source if used for this row.
`build_timestamp`	`string`	ISO 8601 UTC timestamp of the build that wrote this row.

Provenance & methodology

Where this data comes from.

Primary source: U.S. Census Bureau, Vintage V2025 Subcounty Population Estimates (annual estimates for 2020–2025 plus the April 1, 2020 base) and SUB-EST2019 (2010–2019 historical series, used to fill the older annual columns). Geographic enrichment — land area, water area, density, centroid — comes from the 2025 Census Gazetteer places file.

Every number in this CSV is reproducible end-to-end: raw Census file → sha256 recorded in the build manifest → build script → this published CSV (sha256 above). If a value looks wrong, the chain back to the source byte sequence is documented and verifiable.

Source detail for CSV fields

Source detail: 2025 population

2025 population

Source agency: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division
Dataset: Census PEP
Vintage / period: Vintage 2025 (Jul 1, 2025)
Native geography: Census PEP subcounty place records for the included city universe.
Transformation: Copied from POPESTIMATE2025, joined by Census GEOID, and used for ranks, filters, and city pages.

Known limit: Annual estimate, not a decennial count; each new PEP vintage can revise the prior series.

Methodology Original source

Source detail: 2020 Census base population

2020 Census base population

Source agency: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division
Dataset: Census PEP
Vintage / period: Vintage 2025 (Jul 1, 2025)
Native geography: Census PEP subcounty place records for the included city universe.
Transformation: Copied from the Vintage 2025 April 1, 2020 base and joined by Census GEOID.

Known limit: This is the PEP base for the 2020s estimate series; do not mix it with older PEP vintages as if they were one continuous methodology.

Methodology Original source

Source detail: Population change

Population change

Source agency: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division
Dataset: Census PEP
Vintage / period: Vintage 2025 (Jul 1, 2025)
Native geography: Census PEP subcounty place records, using values inside the same Vintage 2025 release.
Transformation: Computed as a displayed-year estimate minus the comparison-year estimate from the same vintage, then ranked or filtered as needed.

Known limit: Annual estimates can be revised with each vintage; this is not a decennial count or net-migration table.

Methodology Original source

Source detail: Population density

Population density

Source agency: U.S. Census Bureau, Population and Geography Divisions
Dataset: Census PEP + Census Gazetteer
Vintage / period: Vintage 2025 (Jul 1, 2025); 2025 (Jan 1, 2025)
Native geography: Census PEP place population joined to Census Gazetteer place land area by GEOID.
Transformation: Computed as 2025 population divided by Gazetteer land area in square miles; water area is excluded.

Known limit: Density is sensitive to municipal boundaries and is not an urbanized-area or neighborhood density measure.

Methodology Original source

Source detail: Land area and centroid

Land area and centroid

Source agency: U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division
Dataset: Census Gazetteer
Vintage / period: 2025 (Jan 1, 2025)
Native geography: Census Gazetteer place records using the published place GEOID, land area, water area, and centroid.
Transformation: Joined to the city by GEOID; square meters are converted to square miles where displayed.

Known limit: Boundary and centroid records are geographic references, not measures of developed land or urbanized footprint.

Methodology Original source

License & attribution

U.S. Census Bureau publications are works of the United States Government and are in the public domain (17 U.S.C. § 105). No license fee, no required attribution. We attribute anyway because any downstream analysis is only as trustworthy as its citation chain.

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division. Vintage V2025 Subcounty Resident Population Estimates. Geographic enrichment from the 2025 Census Gazetteer. Compiled and processed by Every City in the USA on 2026-09-23.

The linked project credit is our suggested format, not a condition on reuse of public-domain federal data. Publishers may edit it or qualify the link to match their publishing policy.

Every City in the USA is independent and is not affiliated with the U.S. Census Bureau. Census does not review or approve third-party uses of its data.