Latest Census city estimates released May 14, 2026 · Population as of July 1, 2025 · Next city estimates scheduled for May 2027. Release schedule
Toledo, Ohio population is 263,423 as of July 1, 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 estimate), ranking #88 nationally and #4 in Ohio. Cost of living runs 8.5% below the U.S. average (BEA RPP 2024); the four-person spending scenario corresponds to modeled gross income of $101,198/yr (TY2026 tax assumptions; partial scenario excluding unverified local income tax). This profile draws on 13 federal datasets covering population, housing, income, employment, climate, and risk.
263,423 people live in Toledo as of July 1, 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025), the #88 largest U.S. city.
How big is Toledo?
Toledo covers 80.5 square miles of land and 3.3 square miles of water. Its population density is about 3,273 residents per square mile of land. Compare U.S. cities by land area →
Source detail: 2025 population
2025 population
Source agency
U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division
Dataset
Census PEP
Vintage / period
Vintage 2025 (Jul 1, 2025)
Native geography
Census PEP subcounty place records for the included city universe.
Transformation
Copied from POPESTIMATE2025, joined by Census GEOID, and used for ranks, filters, and city pages.
Known limit: Annual estimate, not a decennial count; each new PEP vintage can revise the prior series.
Population shrank 2.8% from the April 2020 base to mid-2025.
Vintage 2025 · annual estimates
Recent history (V2025 series, 2020 base → 2025).
2020 base: 270,881 → 2025: 263,423 (-2.8%)
Year
Population
Reference date
2020 base
270,881
April 1, 2020
2020
270,280
July 1, 2020
2021
268,747
July 1, 2021
2022
266,387
July 1, 2022
2023
265,250
July 1, 2023
2024
264,385
July 1, 2024
2025
263,423
July 1, 2025
Earlier history (2010–2019, prior Census vintage)
These figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2019 release — a separate, earlier methodology. They’re shown here as historical context only; the 2010 and 2019 values aren’t directly comparable to the 2020–2025 series above.
Population shrank 5.0% from the July 2010 estimate to 2019 (V2019 — see seam note below).
Toledo is the #88 largest of 19,483 U.S. cities and #4 in Ohio.
▸Show the analyst detail (9 rows)
Measure
Value
Note
2020 base
270,881
April 1, 2020 census base
5-yr change
-7,458
2020 base → 2025; within V2025
5-yr change %
-2.8%
within V2025 only
1-yr change
-962
2024 → 2025 estimate
1-yr change %
-0.4%
within V2025 only
Density
3,273
people per sq mi, land only
Land area
80.5
sq mi (2025 Gazetteer)
U.S. rank by population
#88
of 19,483 cities
State rank by population
#4
of 924 in Ohio
What is the median household income in Toledo?
Same-period U.S. benchmarks: household income $80,734 ± $166; per-capita income $44,673 ± $122. Margins are at 90% confidence. Comparison badges describe point estimates; they are not significance tests.
Median household income is 38% below the U.S. median ($49,724 vs $80,734); 24.3% live in poverty, 11.9 points above the 12.5% U.S. estimate.
Median household income$49,724
US
Toledo: $49,724 — 38% below the US median of $80,734.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with ACS income data; censored rows retained in the distribution
Toledo
$49,724
United States
$80,734
Income and poverty estimates for Toledo from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates (window 2020–2024). Every figure is shown with its 90% margin of error (MOE). Cells where the ± margin exceeds half the estimate are flagged "low precision." See methodology §12.
Measure
Estimate
± margin / note
Median household income
$49,724-38.4% vs US
±$993
Per capita income
$28,642-35.9% vs US
±$593
Population in poverty
24.3% ± 1.1 percentage points
share of population for whom poverty status is determined
Median home value is 66% below the U.S. median ($114,500 vs $332,700); median rent is 36% below ($901 vs $1,413); the ratio of median home value to median household income is 2.3× versus 4.1× nationally; this compares two distributions and does not measure an individual household's housing burden.
Median home value$114,500
US
Toledo: $114,500 — 66% below the US median of $332,700.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with ACS home-value data; censored rows retained in the distribution
HUD 2-BR fair-market rent$1,076/mo
US
Toledo: $1,076/mo — 0% below the US median of $1,077/mo.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with a HUD Fair Market Rent
Same-period U.S. benchmarks: home value $332,700 ± $236; gross rent $1,413 ± $2. Comparison badges describe estimates and do not establish statistical significance.
Poverty (Census SAIPE 2024, model-based), unemployment (BLS LAUS 2025 annual averages), and remote-work share (ACS 2020–2024) for Toledo. Numbers are labeled at their native grain — place-grain when BLS publishes it, otherwise per-county. We do not compute population-weighted county averages. See methodology §13.
Measure
Value
Grain
Unemployment rate (annual avg)
6.8%
Toledo (BLS sub-state LAUS)
Civilian labor force
123,549
2025 annual avg
Worked from home
6.9% ± 0.6 percentage points-54.2% vs US
share of workers 16+ working from home · U.S. share: 15.1% · ACS
County context — Toledo sits in Lucas County:
County
Poverty rate
Median HH income
Unemployment
Lucas County
16.8%
$63,774
6.0%
Top industries by private employment — NAICS supersectors rolled up from Toledo's linked county in the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW, 2025 annual averages). See methodology §11.
#
Industry (NAICS supersector)
Private employment
Avg weekly wage
#1
Health care and social assistance (62)
38,586
$1,299 / wk
#2
Manufacturing (31-33)
22,876
$1,819 / wk
#3
Retail trade (44-45)
20,692
$722 / wk
#4
Accommodation and food services (72)
19,984
$441 / wk
#5
Administrative and waste services (56)
10,591
$802 / wk
What workers earn in the Toledo, OH metro — top occupations by employment plus six curated benchmarks (registered nurse, software developer, elementary teacher, general manager, retail salesperson, truck driver). Wages are metro-area medians from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (May 2025). See methodology §25.
Fast Food and Counter Workers is the largest tracked occupation in the Toledo, OH metro (9,280 jobs, median $27,570/yr).
▸Show all 12 occupations
Occupation
Employment
Median annual
Median hourly
Fast Food and Counter Workers
9,280
$27,570
$13.26
Miscellaneous Assemblers and Fabricators
9,030
$49,740
$23.91
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand
8,120
$42,640
$20.50
Stockers and Order Fillers
7,090
$37,000
$17.79
Cashiers
5,740
$29,270
$14.07
Home Health and Personal Care Aides
5,430
$34,550
$16.61
Registered Nurses · benchmark
7,890
$81,050
$38.96
Retail Salespersons · benchmark
7,360
$30,780
$14.80
General and Operations Managers · benchmark
7,320
$95,120
$45.73
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers · benchmark
5,110
$60,410
$29.04
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education · benchmark
All items run 8.5% below the U.S. average (RPP 91.5); rents run 32.7% below (RPP 67.3) — the metro's housing affordability is the main driver.
Cost of living (RPP, all items)RPP 91.5
US
Toledo's cost of living runs 8.5% below the U.S. average (RPP 91.5 vs 100).
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of metro/non-metro areas with a BEA price parity
BEA Regional Price Parity (all items)
RPP 91.5
−8.5% vs U.S. average · BEA 2024 · Toledo, OH metro
HUD Fair Market Rent, 2-BR
$1,076/mo
FY2026 · Toledo, OH MSA
State income tax (top marginal rate)
2.75%
2 brackets · TY2026
Four-person monthly spending scenario
$8,433/mo
3BR rent + food + childcare + taxes + transport · federal sources; excludes unverified local income tax
One-person monthly spending scenario
$2,634/mo
1BR rent + food + taxes + transport · federal sources; excludes unverified local income tax
Local income tax
—
Unverified and excluded from the spending scenario; not a verified zero
Household budget figures are arithmetic floors using current federal sources at the grains documented in methodology. Not a recommended salary, not a poverty threshold, not a composite score.
These are K-12 public school districts. Higher education (colleges and universities) is not represented in this dataset.
Public school districts serving Toledo, from the NCES EDGE Geographic Relationship Files (GRF25, 2024–25 school year boundaries). The join is many-to-many — large cities often span multiple districts, and one district often serves multiple cities. Sorted primary district first. See methodology §12 for the consolidated-city fallback and Milford CT special case.
Source: NCES EDGE GRF25 · school year 2024–25 · methodology →
What is the climate like in Toledo?
Hottest month: July (85°F avg high). Coldest: January (21°F avg low). Annual precipitation: 33.7 in.
30-year climate normals (1991-2020) for Toledo from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. See methodology §15 for the gridded vs. station source path.
Average monthly highs & lows · 30-year normal (NOAA 1991–2020). Every number on this chart is an average.
bar = avg daily high → avg daily lowprecip in inches below each barprecip in millimeters below each bar
Natural-hazard exposure for Toledo from the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Risk Index (FEMA NRI December 2025 v1.20.0). NRI is an expected-annual-loss composite calibrated on 1996–2019 historical losses, published at the U.S. county grain. See methodology §17.
County
NRI composite
Rating
Top hazards
Lucas County
92.4
Relatively Moderate
Tornado 97.3 Relatively High · Hail 96.0 Relatively High · Ice Storm 95.8 Very High
Source: FEMA National Risk Index · FEMA NRI December 2025 v1.20.0 · methodology →
How fast is home internet in Toledo?
17 non-satellite ISPs serve the area; 49% of locations have gigabit-capable service per ISP filings.
Fixed broadband availability for Toledo from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission's Broadband Data Collection (BDC), as of December 31, 2025. Every speed and provider count below is an ISP-reported advertised maximum — not measured throughput. Actual delivered speeds typically run 60–80% of advertised. See methodology §16.
Measure
Value
Note
Providers serving this city
17 + satellite
distinct ISPs, excluding satellite-only
Fiber providers
16
offer fiber-to-the-premises somewhere in the BDC
Units with ≥100/20 Mbps fixed
100.0%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Locations with ≥100 Mbps upload
49.5%
derived: max(fiber ≥100/20, gigabit). Fiber is symmetric; gigabit is ≥100 up by definition
Units with ≥1 Gbps fixed
49.5%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Total broadband-serviceable units
143,371
residential locations in the FCC Fabric (not households)
Source: FCC BDC · as of December 31, 2025 · methodology →
How much crime is reported in Toledo?
In 2024, law enforcement reported 2,745 violent and 7,204 property offenses in the Toledo jurisdiction — a violent-crime rate of 1,041.1 per 100,000, above the U.S. estimate of 359.1.
Reported offenses known to law enforcement from the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting Program (CIUS Table 8), 2024. Figures describe the FBI agency jurisdiction: Toledo — an FBI jurisdiction population of 263,668, versus the Census place population of 263,423. The rate per 100,000 is the FBI's own (count ÷ that jurisdiction population), never divided by the Census place figure. These are reported crimes under voluntary participation — not measured or victimization crime — and the FBI cautions against using them to rank or compare places. See methodology §31.
Offenses known, 2024
Count
Rate /100k
U.S. rate
Violent crime
2,745
1,041.1
359.1
Property crime
7,204
2,732.2
1,760.1
▸Offense breakdown and 3-year trend
Offense, 2024
Count
Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
32
Rape
260
Robbery
283
Aggravated assault
2,170
Burglary
1,274
Larceny-theft
4,863
Motor vehicle theft
1,067
Arson (12-month reporters only)
133
Year
Violent /100k
Property /100k
Jurisdiction pop.
2022
1,163.0
3,080.7
266,984
2023
1,144.7
2,994.2
264,341
2024
1,041.1
2,732.2
263,668
Only years the agency reported a complete 12 months appear; the FBI does not estimate missing agency-years, so a gap is a non-reporting year, not zero crime.
U.S. rate is the FBI national estimate (imputes non-reporting agencies); the city figures are reported-only. Source: FBI UCR CIUS Table 8 (2022–2024) · FBI agency jurisdiction: Toledo · methodology → · FBI Crime Data Explorer →
In-state context.
Toledo sits at state rank #4 among 924 cities in Ohio. Nearby in the state ranking:
Just above in the profiled set: St. Petersburg, FL · #87 · 264,033 residents.
Just below in the profiled set: Glendale, AZ · #89 · 260,572 residents.
Quick travel facts for Toledo
Quick travel facts.
Elevation
609 ft · at city centroid, from USGS 3D Elevation Program
Nearest scheduled-service airport
Eugene F. Kranz Toledo Express Airport(TOL) · 13 mi 21 km from city centroid
Sources: elevation from USGS 3DEP · nearest airport from OurAirports CSV (OurAirports type=large/medium and scheduled_service=yes; not an FAA service classification) · best months derived from NOAA 1991-2020 normals · methodology →
Frequently asked questions about Toledo.
How many people live in Toledo, OH?
Toledo has 263,423 residents as of July 1, 2025, making it the #88 largest city in the United States and #4 in Ohio. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025.
Is Toledo growing or shrinking?
Toledo has shrunk 2.8% since the April 2020 census baseline, losing 7,458 residents, including a 0.4% decline from 2024 to 2025. Source: Census PEP Vintage 2025.
Toledo covers 80.5 square miles of land, with a population density of about 3,273 residents per square mile. Source: Census Gazetteer 2025.
What is the median household income in Toledo?
$49,724, about 38% below the U.S. median. Source: ACS 5-year estimates, 2020–2024.
SourceU.S. Census · PEP
VintageV2025
Reference2025-07-01
Place typeIncorporated place
GEOID3977000
Last build2026-09-30
Sources · provenance
Every listed dataset is used on this page.
The GEOID for Toledo is 3977000. These are the official datasets used by this profile's main data modules; click "methodology" for inclusion rules and the V2019 ↔ V2025 seam, or "source" for the raw publisher page. The headline population value above includes a source-detail disclosure with publisher, dataset, vintage, native geography, transformation, and caveat.
