Latest Census city estimates released May 14, 2026 · Population as of July 1, 2025 · Next city estimates scheduled for May 2027. Release schedule
New York, New York population is 8,584,629 as of July 1, 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 estimate), ranking #1 nationally and #1 in New York. Cost of living runs 13% above the U.S. average (BEA RPP 2024); the four-person spending scenario corresponds to modeled gross income of $162,672/yr (TY2026 tax assumptions; partial scenario excluding unverified local income tax). This profile draws on 13 federal datasets covering population, housing, income, employment, climate, and risk.
8,584,629 people live in New York as of July 1, 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025), the #1 largest U.S. city.
How big is New York?
New York covers 300.5 square miles of land and 171.9 square miles of water. Its population density is about 28,569 residents per square mile of land. Compare U.S. cities by land area →
Source detail: 2025 population
2025 population
Source agency
U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division
Dataset
Census PEP
Vintage / period
Vintage 2025 (Jul 1, 2025)
Native geography
Census PEP subcounty place records for the included city universe.
Transformation
Copied from POPESTIMATE2025, joined by Census GEOID, and used for ranks, filters, and city pages.
Known limit: Annual estimate, not a decennial count; each new PEP vintage can revise the prior series.
Population shrank 2.5% from the April 2020 base to mid-2025.
Vintage 2025 · annual estimates
Recent history (V2025 series, 2020 base → 2025).
2020 base: 8,805,594 → 2025: 8,584,629 (-2.5%)
Year
Population
Reference date
2020 base
8,805,594
April 1, 2020
2020
8,751,188
July 1, 2020
2021
8,447,958
July 1, 2021
2022
8,362,665
July 1, 2022
2023
8,433,834
July 1, 2023
2024
8,596,825
July 1, 2024
2025
8,584,629
July 1, 2025
Earlier history (2010–2019, prior Census vintage)
These figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2019 release — a separate, earlier methodology. They’re shown here as historical context only; the 2010 and 2019 values aren’t directly comparable to the 2020–2025 series above.
Population grew 1.8% from the July 2010 estimate to 2019 (V2019 — see seam note below).
New York is the #1 largest of 19,483 U.S. cities and #1 in New York.
▸Show the analyst detail (9 rows)
Measure
Value
Note
2020 base
8,805,594
April 1, 2020 census base
5-yr change
-220,965
2020 base → 2025; within V2025
5-yr change %
-2.5%
within V2025 only
1-yr change
-12,196
2024 → 2025 estimate
1-yr change %
-0.1%
within V2025 only
Density
28,569
people per sq mi, land only
Land area
300.5
sq mi (2025 Gazetteer)
U.S. rank by population
#1
of 19,483 cities
State rank by population
#1
of 594 in New York
What is the median household income in New York?
Same-period U.S. benchmarks: household income $80,734 ± $166; per-capita income $44,673 ± $122. Margins are at 90% confidence. Comparison badges describe point estimates; they are not significance tests.
Median household income is 0% below the U.S. median ($80,483 vs $80,734); 17.9% live in poverty, 5.5 points above the 12.5% U.S. estimate.
Median household income$80,483
US
New York: $80,483 — 0% below the US median of $80,734.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with ACS income data; censored rows retained in the distribution
New York
$80,483
United States
$80,734
Income and poverty estimates for New York from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates (window 2020–2024). Every figure is shown with its 90% margin of error (MOE). Cells where the ± margin exceeds half the estimate are flagged "low precision." See methodology §12.
Measure
Estimate
± margin / note
Median household income
$80,483-0.3% vs US
±$601
Per capita income
$51,844+16.1% vs US
±$373
Population in poverty
17.9% ± 0.2 percentage points
share of population for whom poverty status is determined
Median home value is 134% above the U.S. median ($777,600 vs $332,700); median rent is 29% above ($1,821 vs $1,413); the ratio of median home value to median household income is 9.7× versus 4.1× nationally; this compares two distributions and does not measure an individual household's housing burden.
Median home value$777,600
US
New York: $777,600 — 134% above the US median of $332,700.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with ACS home-value data; censored rows retained in the distribution
HUD 2-BR fair-market rent$2,910/mo
US
New York: $2,910/mo — 170% above the US median of $1,077/mo.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with a HUD Fair Market Rent
Same-period U.S. benchmarks: home value $332,700 ± $236; gross rent $1,413 ± $2. Comparison badges describe estimates and do not establish statistical significance.
Measure
Estimate
± margin / note
Median value, owner-occupied units
$777,600+133.7% vs US
±$4,889
Median gross rent
$1,821+28.9% vs US
±$7
HUD Fair Market Rent, 2-BR (FY2026)
$2,910-37.4% vs US
New York, NY HUD Metro FMR Area· 40th-percentile gross rent · HUD methodology
Owner-occupied share
32.8% ± 0.3 percentage points
of occupied housing units
Price-to-income ratio
9.7x± 0.09x approximate 90% MOE+134.5% vs US
median home value ÷ median household income · U.S. ratio: 4.1x
Rent-burdened (≥30% of income)
52.4% ± 0.4 percentage points+2.5% vs US
renters with a computed rent/income ratio · U.S. share: 51.1%
Severely rent-burdened (≥50%)
28.9% ± 0.3 percentage points+11.7% vs US
renters with a computed rent/income ratio · U.S. share: 25.9%
Poverty (Census SAIPE 2024, model-based), unemployment (BLS LAUS 2025 annual averages), and remote-work share (ACS 2020–2024) for New York. Numbers are labeled at their native grain — place-grain when BLS publishes it, otherwise per-county. We do not compute population-weighted county averages. See methodology §13.
Measure
Value
Grain
Unemployment rate (annual avg)
5.2%
New York (BLS sub-state LAUS)
Civilian labor force
4,399,248
2025 annual avg
Worked from home
16.9% ± 0.2 percentage points+11.8% vs US
share of workers 16+ working from home · U.S. share: 15.1% · ACS
County context — New York spans 5 counties; all are listed (no weighted average):
County
Poverty rate
Median HH income
Unemployment
Kings County
19.2%
$80,696
5.4%
Queens County
13.4%
$84,684
4.7%
New York County
15.5%
$105,713
4.7%
Bronx County
28.7%
$46,486
7.0%
Richmond County
11.5%
$96,437
4.7%
Top industries by private employment — NAICS supersectors rolled up from New York's linked 5 counties in the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW, 2025 annual averages). See methodology §11.
#
Industry (NAICS supersector)
Private employment
Avg weekly wage
#1
Health care and social assistance (62)
998,764
$1,205 / wk
#2
Professional and technical services (54)
427,645
$3,769 / wk
#3
Finance and insurance (52)
361,337
$8,197 / wk
#4
Accommodation and food services (72)
358,796
$934 / wk
#5
Retail trade (44-45)
294,880
$1,142 / wk
What workers earn in the New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ metro — top occupations by employment plus six curated benchmarks (registered nurse, software developer, elementary teacher, general manager, retail salesperson, truck driver). Wages are metro-area medians from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (May 2025). See methodology §25.
Home Health and Personal Care Aides is the largest tracked occupation in the New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ metro (644,700 jobs, median $39,680/yr).
▸Show all 13 occupations
Occupation
Employment
Median annual
Median hourly
Home Health and Personal Care Aides
644,700
$39,680
$19.08
Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners
183,030
$42,840
$20.60
Cashiers
173,830
$35,950
$17.28
Fast Food and Counter Workers
166,040
$35,420
$17.03
Security Guards
142,760
$43,980
$21.15
Waiters and Waitresses
138,720
$47,610
$22.89
Office Clerks, General
136,580
$47,670
$22.92
Retail Salespersons · benchmark
202,080
$38,280
$18.40
Registered Nurses · benchmark
197,740
$119,720
$57.56
General and Operations Managers · benchmark
177,850
$157,000
$75.48
Software Developers · benchmark
121,000
$166,830
$80.21
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education · benchmark
98,900
$96,900
—
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers · benchmark
All items run 12.6% above the U.S. average (RPP 112.6); rents run 48.6% above (RPP 148.6) — the metro's housing premium is the main driver.
Cost of living (RPP, all items)RPP 112.6
US
New York's cost of living runs 12.6% above the U.S. average (RPP 112.6 vs 100).
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of metro/non-metro areas with a BEA price parity
BEA Regional Price Parity (all items)
RPP 112.6
+12.6% vs U.S. average · BEA 2024 · New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ metro
HUD Fair Market Rent, 2-BR
$2,910/mo
FY2026 · New York, NY HUD Metro FMR Area
State income tax (top marginal rate)
10.90%
9 brackets · TY2026
Four-person monthly spending scenario
$13,556/mo
3BR rent + food + childcare + taxes + transport · federal sources; excludes unverified local income tax
One-person monthly spending scenario
$5,449/mo
1BR rent + food + taxes + transport · federal sources; excludes unverified local income tax
Local income tax
—
Unverified and excluded from the spending scenario; not a verified zero
Household budget figures are arithmetic floors using current federal sources at the grains documented in methodology. Not a recommended salary, not a poverty threshold, not a composite score.
36.6% ± 0.2 percentage points foreign-born (U.S. share 14.1%); Spanish is the most-spoken language at home other than English (22.6% of residents 5+).
A quick read on New York's residents — nativity and languages spoken at home shown above, from the ACS 5-Year 2020–2024. The full demographic breakdown (age, race and ethnicity, household types, and educational attainment, each with its margin of error) lives on the demographics page.
Hottest month: July (85°F avg high). Coldest: January (27°F avg low). Annual precipitation: 46.8 in.
30-year climate normals (1991-2020) for New York from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. See methodology §15 for the gridded vs. station source path.
Average monthly highs & lows · 30-year normal (NOAA 1991–2020). Every number on this chart is an average.
bar = avg daily high → avg daily lowprecip in inches below each barprecip in millimeters below each bar
Composite risk spans 91.0–99.3/100 across 5 counties; most-cited top hazard is Heat Wave (in 3 of 5).
Natural-hazard exposure for New York from the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Risk Index (FEMA NRI December 2025 v1.20.0). NRI is an expected-annual-loss composite calibrated on 1996–2019 historical losses, published at the U.S. county grain. See methodology §17.
New York spans 5 counties. We list each separately because hurricane, flood, and fire risk varies meaningfully across county lines — manufacturing a single “city-level” risk score would hide that signal.
County
NRI composite
Rating
Top hazards
Kings County
99.3
Relatively High
Winter Weather 99.9 Very High · Strong Wind 99.7 Very High · Heat Wave 99.7 Very High
Queens County
99.2
Relatively High
Winter Weather 99.7 Very High · Cold Wave 99.7 Very High · Strong Wind 99.7 Very High
New York County
98.8
Relatively High
Heat Wave 99.6 Relatively High · Strong Wind 99.5 Very High · Riverine Flooding 99.2 Very High
Bronx County
98.3
Relatively High
Heat Wave 99.6 Relatively High · Cold Wave 99.6 Very High · Strong Wind 99.3 Very High
Richmond County
91.0
Relatively Moderate
Heat Wave 98.3 Relatively High · Strong Wind 93.1 Relatively High · Riverine Flooding 92.0 Relatively Moderate
Source: FEMA National Risk Index · FEMA NRI December 2025 v1.20.0 · methodology →
How fast is home internet in New York?
25 non-satellite ISPs serve the area; 71% of locations have gigabit-capable service per ISP filings.
Fixed broadband availability for New York from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission's Broadband Data Collection (BDC), as of December 31, 2025. Every speed and provider count below is an ISP-reported advertised maximum — not measured throughput. Actual delivered speeds typically run 60–80% of advertised. See methodology §16.
Measure
Value
Note
Providers serving this city
25 + satellite
distinct ISPs, excluding satellite-only
Fiber providers
21
offer fiber-to-the-premises somewhere in the BDC
Units with ≥100/20 Mbps fixed
100.0%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Locations with ≥100 Mbps upload
79.3%
derived: max(fiber ≥100/20, gigabit). Fiber is symmetric; gigabit is ≥100 up by definition
Units with ≥1 Gbps fixed
70.8%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Total broadband-serviceable units
3,932,926
residential locations in the FCC Fabric (not households)
Source: FCC BDC · as of December 31, 2025 · methodology →
How much crime is reported in New York?
In 2024, law enforcement reported 55,690 violent and 196,549 property offenses in the New York jurisdiction — a violent-crime rate of 671.0 per 100,000, above the U.S. estimate of 359.1.
Reported offenses known to law enforcement from the FBI Uniform Crime Reporting Program (CIUS Table 8), 2024. Figures describe the FBI agency jurisdiction: New York — an FBI jurisdiction population of 8,299,271, versus the Census place population of 8,584,629. The rate per 100,000 is the FBI's own (count ÷ that jurisdiction population), never divided by the Census place figure. These are reported crimes under voluntary participation — not measured or victimization crime — and the FBI cautions against using them to rank or compare places. See methodology §31.
Offenses known, 2024
Count
Rate /100k
U.S. rate
Violent crime
55,690
671.0
359.1
Property crime
196,549
2,368.3
1,760.1
▸Offense breakdown and 3-year trend
Offense, 2024
Count
Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
325
Rape
1,943
Robbery
15,559
Aggravated assault
37,863
Burglary
12,842
Larceny-theft
167,230
Motor vehicle theft
16,477
Arson (12-month reporters only)
826
Year
Violent /100k
Property /100k
Jurisdiction pop.
2022
744.2
2,141.2
8,236,567
2023
668.3
2,398.2
8,184,044
2024
671.0
2,368.3
8,299,271
Only years the agency reported a complete 12 months appear; the FBI does not estimate missing agency-years, so a gap is a non-reporting year, not zero crime.
U.S. rate is the FBI national estimate (imputes non-reporting agencies); the city figures are reported-only. Source: FBI UCR CIUS Table 8 (2022–2024) · FBI agency jurisdiction: New York · methodology → · FBI Crime Data Explorer →
In-state context.
New York sits at state rank #1 among 594 cities in New York. Nearby in the state ranking:
Just below in the profiled set: Los Angeles, CA · #2 · 3,869,089 residents.
Quick travel facts for New York
Quick travel facts.
Elevation
55 ft · at city centroid, from USGS 3D Elevation Program
Nearest scheduled-service airport
John F. Kennedy International Airport(JFK) · 9 mi 14 km from city centroid
Best months to visit
May, Sep · months when the avg high sits in 65–80°F and precipitation is at or below the city's median monthly precip
Sources: elevation from USGS 3DEP · nearest airport from OurAirports CSV (OurAirports type=large/medium and scheduled_service=yes; not an FAA service classification) · best months derived from NOAA 1991-2020 normals · methodology →
Frequently asked questions about New York.
How many people live in New York, NY?
New York has 8,584,629 residents as of July 1, 2025, making it the #1 largest city in the United States and #1 in New York. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025.
Is New York growing or shrinking?
New York has shrunk 2.5% since the April 2020 census baseline, losing 220,965 residents, including a 0.1% decline from 2024 to 2025. Source: Census PEP Vintage 2025.
What was New York's population in the 2020 census?
The GEOID for New York is 3651000. These are the official datasets used by this profile's main data modules; click "methodology" for inclusion rules and the V2019 ↔ V2025 seam, or "source" for the raw publisher page. The headline population value above includes a source-detail disclosure with publisher, dataset, vintage, native geography, transformation, and caveat.
