Latest Census city estimates released May 14, 2026 · Population as of July 1, 2025 · Next city estimates scheduled for May 2027. Release schedule
Hartford, Connecticut population is 121,981 as of July 1, 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 estimate), ranking #249 nationally and #4 in Connecticut. Cost of living runs 2.7% above the U.S. average (BEA RPP 2024). This profile draws on 12 federal datasets covering population, housing, income, employment, climate, and risk.
121,981 people live in Hartford as of July 1, 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025), the #249 largest U.S. city.
How big is Hartford?
Hartford covers 17.4 square miles of land and 0.7 square miles of water. Its population density is about 7,006 residents per square mile of land. Compare U.S. cities by land area →
Source detail: 2025 population
2025 population
Source agency
U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division
Dataset
Census PEP
Vintage / period
Vintage 2025 (Jul 1, 2025)
Native geography
Census PEP subcounty place records for the included city universe.
Transformation
Copied from POPESTIMATE2025, joined by Census GEOID, and used for ranks, filters, and city pages.
Known limit: Annual estimate, not a decennial count; each new PEP vintage can revise the prior series.
Population grew 0.3% from the April 2020 base to mid-2025.
Vintage 2025 · annual estimates
Recent history (V2025 series, 2020 base → 2025).
2020 base: 121,657 → 2025: 121,981 (+0.3%)
Year
Population
Reference date
2020 base
121,657
April 1, 2020
2020
120,479
July 1, 2020
2021
120,803
July 1, 2021
2022
120,823
July 1, 2022
2023
121,137
July 1, 2023
2024
121,841
July 1, 2024
2025
121,981
July 1, 2025
Earlier history (2010–2019, prior Census vintage)
These figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2019 release — a separate, earlier methodology. They’re shown here as historical context only; the 2010 and 2019 values aren’t directly comparable to the 2020–2025 series above.
Population shrank 2.6% from the July 2010 estimate to 2019 (V2019 — see seam note below).
Hartford is the #249 largest of 19,483 U.S. cities and #4 in Connecticut.
▸Show the analyst detail (9 rows)
Measure
Value
Note
2020 base
121,657
April 1, 2020 census base
5-yr change
+324
2020 base → 2025; within V2025
5-yr change %
+0.3%
within V2025 only
1-yr change
+140
2024 → 2025 estimate
1-yr change %
+0.1%
within V2025 only
Density
7,006
people per sq mi, land only
Land area
17.4
sq mi (2025 Gazetteer)
U.S. rank by population
#249
of 19,483 cities
State rank by population
#4
of 30 in Connecticut
What is the median household income in Hartford?
Same-period U.S. benchmarks: household income $80,734 ± $166; per-capita income $44,673 ± $122. Margins are at 90% confidence. Comparison badges describe point estimates; they are not significance tests.
Median household income is 43% below the U.S. median ($46,411 vs $80,734); 26.3% live in poverty, 13.8 points above the 12.5% U.S. estimate.
Median household income$46,411
US
Hartford: $46,411 — 43% below the US median of $80,734.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with ACS income data; censored rows retained in the distribution
Hartford
$46,411
United States
$80,734
Income and poverty estimates for Hartford from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates (window 2020–2024). Every figure is shown with its 90% margin of error (MOE). Cells where the ± margin exceeds half the estimate are flagged "low precision." See methodology §12.
Measure
Estimate
± margin / note
Median household income
$46,411-42.5% vs US
±$3,031
Per capita income
$27,841-37.7% vs US
±$1,163
Population in poverty
26.3% ± 2.0 percentage points
share of population for whom poverty status is determined
Median home value is 31% below the U.S. median ($228,600 vs $332,700); median rent is 10% below ($1,269 vs $1,413); the ratio of median home value to median household income is 4.9× versus 4.1× nationally; this compares two distributions and does not measure an individual household's housing burden.
Median home value$228,600
US
Hartford: $228,600 — 31% below the US median of $332,700.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with ACS home-value data; censored rows retained in the distribution
HUD 2-BR fair-market rent$1,865/mo
US
Hartford: $1,865/mo — 73% above the US median of $1,077/mo.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with a HUD Fair Market Rent
Same-period U.S. benchmarks: home value $332,700 ± $236; gross rent $1,413 ± $2. Comparison badges describe estimates and do not establish statistical significance.
Poverty (Census SAIPE 2024, model-based), unemployment (BLS LAUS 2025 annual averages), and remote-work share (ACS 2020–2024) for Hartford. Numbers are labeled at their native grain — place-grain when BLS publishes it, otherwise per-county. We do not compute population-weighted county averages. See methodology §13.
Measure
Value
Grain
Unemployment rate (annual avg)
6.1%
Hartford (BLS sub-state LAUS)
Civilian labor force
57,679
2025 annual avg
Worked from home
9.4% ± 1.3 percentage points-37.5% vs US
share of workers 16+ working from home · U.S. share: 15.1% · ACS
County context — Hartford sits in Capitol Planning Region:
County
Poverty rate
Median HH income
Unemployment
Capitol Planning Region
10.4%
$93,478
4.1%
What workers earn in the Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT metro — top occupations by employment plus six curated benchmarks (registered nurse, software developer, elementary teacher, general manager, retail salesperson, truck driver). Wages are metro-area medians from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (May 2025). See methodology §25.
Home Health and Personal Care Aides is the largest tracked occupation in the Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT metro (19,230 jobs, median $39,620/yr).
▸Show all 13 occupations
Occupation
Employment
Median annual
Median hourly
Home Health and Personal Care Aides
19,230
$39,620
$19.05
Stockers and Order Fillers
13,530
$40,730
$19.58
Fast Food and Counter Workers
12,370
$35,030
$16.84
Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand
10,770
$44,000
$21.15
Cashiers
10,040
$35,180
$16.91
Customer Service Representatives
9,750
$48,050
$23.10
Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners
8,980
$37,400
$17.98
Retail Salespersons · benchmark
14,380
$35,720
$17.17
Registered Nurses · benchmark
13,850
$101,470
$48.78
General and Operations Managers · benchmark
13,370
$148,080
$71.19
Software Developers · benchmark
6,010
$132,520
$63.71
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers · benchmark
5,830
$59,890
$28.79
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education · benchmark
1BR rent + food + taxes + transport · federal sources; excludes unverified local income tax
Local income tax
—
Unverified and excluded from the spending scenario; not a verified zero
Household budget figures are arithmetic floors using current federal sources at the grains documented in methodology. Not a recommended salary, not a poverty threshold, not a composite score.
23.9% ± 1.5 percentage points foreign-born (U.S. share 14.1%); Spanish is the most-spoken language at home other than English (35.3% of residents 5+).
A quick read on Hartford's residents — nativity and languages spoken at home shown above, from the ACS 5-Year 2020–2024. The full demographic breakdown (age, race and ethnicity, household types, and educational attainment, each with its margin of error) lives on the demographics page.
Hottest month: July (85°F avg high). Coldest: January (19°F avg low). Annual precipitation: 47.5 in.
30-year climate normals (1991-2020) for Hartford from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. See methodology §15 for the gridded vs. station source path.
Average monthly highs & lows · 30-year normal (NOAA 1991–2020). Every number on this chart is an average.
bar = avg daily high → avg daily lowprecip in inches below each barprecip in millimeters below each bar
Composite risk score: 97.4/100 — Relatively High nationally; top hazard: Riverine Flooding (99.0).
Natural-hazard exposure for Hartford from the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Risk Index (FEMA NRI December 2025 v1.20.0). NRI is an expected-annual-loss composite calibrated on 1996–2019 historical losses, published at the U.S. county grain. See methodology §17.
County
NRI composite
Rating
Top hazards
Capitol Planning Region
97.4
Relatively High
Riverine Flooding 99.0 Relatively High · Heat Wave 96.4 Relatively Moderate · Ice Storm 95.6 Very High
Source: FEMA National Risk Index · FEMA NRI December 2025 v1.20.0 · methodology →
How fast is home internet in Hartford?
9 non-satellite ISPs serve the area; 98% of locations have gigabit-capable service per ISP filings.
Fixed broadband availability for Hartford from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission's Broadband Data Collection (BDC), as of December 31, 2025. Every speed and provider count below is an ISP-reported advertised maximum — not measured throughput. Actual delivered speeds typically run 60–80% of advertised. See methodology §16.
Measure
Value
Note
Providers serving this city
9 + satellite
distinct ISPs, excluding satellite-only
Fiber providers
8
offer fiber-to-the-premises somewhere in the BDC
Units with ≥100/20 Mbps fixed
100.0%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Locations with ≥100 Mbps upload
97.7%
derived: max(fiber ≥100/20, gigabit). Fiber is symmetric; gigabit is ≥100 up by definition
Units with ≥1 Gbps fixed
97.7%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Total broadband-serviceable units
59,661
residential locations in the FCC Fabric (not households)
Source: FCC BDC · as of December 31, 2025 · methodology →
In-state context.
Hartford sits at state rank #4 among 30 cities in Connecticut. Nearby in the state ranking:
Just above in the profiled set: Thousand Oaks, CA · #248 · 122,230 residents.
Just below in the profiled set: Berkeley, CA · #250 · 121,911 residents.
Quick travel facts for Hartford
Quick travel facts.
Elevation
33 ft · at city centroid, from USGS 3D Elevation Program
Nearest scheduled-service airport
Bradley International Airport(BDL) · 12 mi 19 km from city centroid
Best months to visit
May · months when the avg high sits in 65–80°F and precipitation is at or below the city's median monthly precip
Sources: elevation from USGS 3DEP · nearest airport from OurAirports CSV (OurAirports type=large/medium and scheduled_service=yes; not an FAA service classification) · best months derived from NOAA 1991-2020 normals · methodology →
Frequently asked questions about Hartford.
How many people live in Hartford, CT?
Hartford has 121,981 residents as of July 1, 2025, making it the #249 largest city in the United States and #4 in Connecticut. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025.
Is Hartford growing or shrinking?
Hartford has grown 0.3% since the April 2020 census baseline, adding 324 residents, including a 0.1% increase from 2024 to 2025. Source: Census PEP Vintage 2025.
What was Hartford's population in the 2020 census?
The GEOID for Hartford is 0937000. These are the official datasets used by this profile's main data modules; click "methodology" for inclusion rules and the V2019 ↔ V2025 seam, or "source" for the raw publisher page. The headline population value above includes a source-detail disclosure with publisher, dataset, vintage, native geography, transformation, and caveat.
