Latest Census city estimates released May 14, 2026 · Population as of July 1, 2025 · Next city estimates scheduled for May 2027. Release schedule
Springfield, Illinois population is 112,989 as of July 1, 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau Vintage 2025 estimate), ranking #283 nationally and #7 in Illinois. Cost of living runs 7.3% below the U.S. average (BEA RPP 2024); the four-person spending scenario corresponds to modeled gross income of $99,591/yr (TY2026 tax assumptions; partial scenario excluding unverified local income tax). This profile draws on 13 federal datasets covering population, housing, income, employment, climate, and risk.
112,989 people live in Springfield as of July 1, 2025 (U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025), the #283 largest U.S. city.
How big is Springfield?
Springfield covers 61.3 square miles of land and 6.3 square miles of water. Its population density is about 1,842 residents per square mile of land. Compare U.S. cities by land area →
Source detail: 2025 population
2025 population
Source agency
U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division
Dataset
Census PEP
Vintage / period
Vintage 2025 (Jul 1, 2025)
Native geography
Census PEP subcounty place records for the included city universe.
Transformation
Copied from POPESTIMATE2025, joined by Census GEOID, and used for ranks, filters, and city pages.
Known limit: Annual estimate, not a decennial count; each new PEP vintage can revise the prior series.
Population shrank 1.4% from the April 2020 base to mid-2025.
Vintage 2025 · annual estimates
Recent history (V2025 series, 2020 base → 2025).
2020 base: 114,570 → 2025: 112,989 (-1.4%)
Year
Population
Reference date
2020 base
114,570
April 1, 2020
2020
114,431
July 1, 2020
2021
114,592
July 1, 2021
2022
113,156
July 1, 2022
2023
112,977
July 1, 2023
2024
112,996
July 1, 2024
2025
112,989
July 1, 2025
Earlier history (2010–2019, prior Census vintage)
These figures come from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Vintage 2019 release — a separate, earlier methodology. They’re shown here as historical context only; the 2010 and 2019 values aren’t directly comparable to the 2020–2025 series above.
Population shrank 2.5% from the July 2010 estimate to 2019 (V2019 — see seam note below).
Springfield is the #283 largest of 19,483 U.S. cities and #7 in Illinois.
▸Show the analyst detail (9 rows)
Measure
Value
Note
2020 base
114,570
April 1, 2020 census base
5-yr change
-1,581
2020 base → 2025; within V2025
5-yr change %
-1.4%
within V2025 only
1-yr change
-7
2024 → 2025 estimate
1-yr change %
-0.0%
within V2025 only
Density
1,842
people per sq mi, land only
Land area
61.3
sq mi (2025 Gazetteer)
U.S. rank by population
#283
of 19,483 cities
State rank by population
#7
of 1,294 in Illinois
What is the median household income in Springfield?
Same-period U.S. benchmarks: household income $80,734 ± $166; per-capita income $44,673 ± $122. Margins are at 90% confidence. Comparison badges describe point estimates; they are not significance tests.
Median household income is 18% below the U.S. median ($66,064 vs $80,734); 16.8% live in poverty, 4.4 points above the 12.5% U.S. estimate.
Median household income$66,064
US
Springfield: $66,064 — 18% below the US median of $80,734.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with ACS income data; censored rows retained in the distribution
Springfield
$66,064
United States
$80,734
Income and poverty estimates for Springfield from the U.S. Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS) 5-Year estimates (window 2020–2024). Every figure is shown with its 90% margin of error (MOE). Cells where the ± margin exceeds half the estimate are flagged "low precision." See methodology §12.
Measure
Estimate
± margin / note
Median household income
$66,064-18.2% vs US
±$3,378
Per capita income
$42,670-4.5% vs US
±$1,364
Population in poverty
16.8% ± 1.5 percentage points
share of population for whom poverty status is determined
Median home value is 51% below the U.S. median ($162,100 vs $332,700); median rent is 31% below ($975 vs $1,413); the ratio of median home value to median household income is 2.5× versus 4.1× nationally; this compares two distributions and does not measure an individual household's housing burden.
Median home value$162,100
US
Springfield: $162,100 — 51% below the US median of $332,700.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with ACS home-value data; censored rows retained in the distribution
HUD 2-BR fair-market rent$1,203/mo
US
Springfield: $1,203/mo — 12% above the US median of $1,077/mo.
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of cities with a HUD Fair Market Rent
Same-period U.S. benchmarks: home value $332,700 ± $236; gross rent $1,413 ± $2. Comparison badges describe estimates and do not establish statistical significance.
Measure
Estimate
± margin / note
Median value, owner-occupied units
$162,100-51.3% vs US
±$4,251
Median gross rent
$975-31.0% vs US
±$21
HUD Fair Market Rent, 2-BR (FY2026)
$1,203-19.0% vs US
Springfield, IL MSA· 40th-percentile gross rent · HUD methodology
Owner-occupied share
64.3% ± 1.5 percentage points
of occupied housing units
Price-to-income ratio
2.5x± 0.14x approximate 90% MOE-40.5% vs US
median home value ÷ median household income · U.S. ratio: 4.1x
Rent-burdened (≥30% of income)
47.9% ± 3.0 percentage points-6.2% vs US
renters with a computed rent/income ratio · U.S. share: 51.1%
Severely rent-burdened (≥50%)
26.9% ± 2.3 percentage points+4.0% vs US
renters with a computed rent/income ratio · U.S. share: 25.9%
Poverty (Census SAIPE 2024, model-based), unemployment (BLS LAUS 2025 annual averages), and remote-work share (ACS 2020–2024) for Springfield. Numbers are labeled at their native grain — place-grain when BLS publishes it, otherwise per-county. We do not compute population-weighted county averages. See methodology §13.
Measure
Value
Grain
Unemployment rate (annual avg)
4.8%
Springfield (BLS sub-state LAUS)
Civilian labor force
52,744
2025 annual avg
Worked from home
14.5% ± 1.5 percentage points-4.1% vs US
share of workers 16+ working from home · U.S. share: 15.1% · ACS
County context — Springfield sits in Sangamon County:
County
Poverty rate
Median HH income
Unemployment
Sangamon County
9.7%
$78,931
4.4%
Top industries by private employment — NAICS supersectors rolled up from Springfield's linked county in the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW, 2025 annual averages). See methodology §11.
#
Industry (NAICS supersector)
Private employment
Avg weekly wage
#1
Health care and social assistance (62)
20,990
$1,478 / wk
#2
Retail trade (44-45)
10,690
$716 / wk
#3
Accommodation and food services (72)
7,776
$477 / wk
#4
Other services (81)
4,364
$1,070 / wk
#5
Professional and technical services (54)
4,321
$1,783 / wk
What workers earn in the Springfield, IL metro — top occupations by employment plus six curated benchmarks (registered nurse, software developer, elementary teacher, general manager, retail salesperson, truck driver). Wages are metro-area medians from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics' Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (May 2025). See methodology §25.
Registered Nurses is the largest tracked occupation in the Springfield, IL metro (4,110 jobs, median $84,220/yr).
▸Show all 13 occupations
Occupation
Employment
Median annual
Median hourly
Cashiers
2,440
$31,920
$15.35
Office Clerks, General
2,310
$47,990
$23.07
Home Health and Personal Care Aides
2,290
$37,900
$18.22
Business Operations Specialists, All Other
2,170
$95,990
$46.15
Fast Food and Counter Workers
1,760
$31,350
$15.07
Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners
1,680
$37,170
$17.87
Accountants and Auditors
1,600
$86,440
$41.56
Registered Nurses · benchmark
4,110
$84,220
$40.49
General and Operations Managers · benchmark
2,610
$95,990
$46.15
Retail Salespersons · benchmark
2,570
$33,450
$16.08
Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education · benchmark
1,000
$62,340
—
Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers · benchmark
All items run 7.3% below the U.S. average (RPP 92.7); rents run 28.4% below (RPP 71.6) — the metro's housing affordability is the main driver.
Cost of living (RPP, all items)RPP 92.7
US
Springfield's cost of living runs 7.3% below the U.S. average (RPP 92.7 vs 100).
Scale: 10th–90th percentile of metro/non-metro areas with a BEA price parity
BEA Regional Price Parity (all items)
RPP 92.7
−7.3% vs U.S. average · BEA 2024 · Springfield, IL metro
HUD Fair Market Rent, 2-BR
$1,203/mo
FY2026 · Springfield, IL MSA
State income tax (top marginal rate)
4.95%
flat · TY2026
Four-person monthly spending scenario
$8,299/mo
3BR rent + food + childcare + taxes + transport · federal sources; excludes unverified local income tax
One-person monthly spending scenario
$3,239/mo
1BR rent + food + taxes + transport · federal sources; excludes unverified local income tax
Local income tax
—
Unverified and excluded from the spending scenario; not a verified zero
Household budget figures are arithmetic floors using current federal sources at the grains documented in methodology. Not a recommended salary, not a poverty threshold, not a composite score.
These are K-12 public school districts. Higher education (colleges and universities) is not represented in this dataset.
7 districts serve Springfield, from the NCES EDGE Geographic Relationship Files (GRF25, 2024–25 school year boundaries). The join is many-to-many — large cities often span multiple districts. Expand the list below to see every district sorted primary first. See methodology §12.
Source: NCES EDGE GRF25 · school year 2024–25 · methodology →
What is the climate like in Springfield?
Hottest month: July (86°F avg high). Coldest: January (19°F avg low). Annual precipitation: 38.8 in.
30-year climate normals (1991-2020) for Springfield from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. See methodology §15 for the gridded vs. station source path.
Average monthly highs & lows · 30-year normal (NOAA 1991–2020). Every number on this chart is an average.
bar = avg daily high → avg daily lowprecip in inches below each barprecip in millimeters below each bar
Natural-hazard exposure for Springfield from the U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency's National Risk Index (FEMA NRI December 2025 v1.20.0). NRI is an expected-annual-loss composite calibrated on 1996–2019 historical losses, published at the U.S. county grain. See methodology §17.
County
NRI composite
Rating
Top hazards
Sangamon County
91.7
Relatively Moderate
Tornado 97.1 Relatively High · Cold Wave 96.6 Relatively High · Heat Wave 96.2 Relatively Moderate
Source: FEMA National Risk Index · FEMA NRI December 2025 v1.20.0 · methodology →
How fast is home internet in Springfield?
15 non-satellite ISPs serve the area; 59% of locations have gigabit-capable service per ISP filings.
Fixed broadband availability for Springfield from the U.S. Federal Communications Commission's Broadband Data Collection (BDC), as of December 31, 2025. Every speed and provider count below is an ISP-reported advertised maximum — not measured throughput. Actual delivered speeds typically run 60–80% of advertised. See methodology §16.
Measure
Value
Note
Providers serving this city
15 + satellite
distinct ISPs, excluding satellite-only
Fiber providers
15
offer fiber-to-the-premises somewhere in the BDC
Units with ≥100/20 Mbps fixed
100.0%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Locations with ≥100 Mbps upload
59.0%
derived: max(fiber ≥100/20, gigabit). Fiber is symmetric; gigabit is ≥100 up by definition
Units with ≥1 Gbps fixed
59.0%
share of broadband-serviceable units, ISP-reported max
Total broadband-serviceable units
63,676
residential locations in the FCC Fabric (not households)
Source: FCC BDC · as of December 31, 2025 · methodology →
In-state context.
Springfield sits at state rank #7 among 1,294 cities in Illinois. Nearby in the state ranking:
Just above in the profiled set: Allen, TX · #282 · 113,447 residents.
Just below in the profiled set: Beaumont, TX · #284 · 112,967 residents.
Quick travel facts for Springfield
Quick travel facts.
Elevation
600 ft · at city centroid, from USGS 3D Elevation Program
Nearest scheduled-service airport
Abraham Lincoln Capital Airport(SPI) · 4 mi 7 km from city centroid
Best months to visit
Sep · months when the avg high sits in 65–80°F and precipitation is at or below the city's median monthly precip
Sources: elevation from USGS 3DEP · nearest airport from OurAirports CSV (OurAirports type=large/medium and scheduled_service=yes; not an FAA service classification) · best months derived from NOAA 1991-2020 normals · methodology →
Frequently asked questions about Springfield.
How many people live in Springfield, IL?
Springfield has 112,989 residents as of July 1, 2025, making it the #283 largest city in the United States and #7 in Illinois. Source: U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025.
Is Springfield growing or shrinking?
Springfield has shrunk 1.4% since the April 2020 census baseline, losing 1,581 residents, including a 0.0% decline from 2024 to 2025. Source: Census PEP Vintage 2025.
What was Springfield's population in the 2020 census?
Springfield covers 61.3 square miles of land, with a population density of about 1,842 residents per square mile. Source: Census Gazetteer 2025.
What is the median household income in Springfield?
$66,064, about 18% below the U.S. median. Source: ACS 5-year estimates, 2020–2024.
SourceU.S. Census · PEP
VintageV2025
Reference2025-07-01
Place typeIncorporated place
GEOID1772000
Last build2026-10-09
Sources · provenance
Every listed dataset is used on this page.
The GEOID for Springfield is 1772000. These are the official datasets used by this profile's main data modules; click "methodology" for inclusion rules and the V2019 ↔ V2025 seam, or "source" for the raw publisher page. The headline population value above includes a source-detail disclosure with publisher, dataset, vintage, native geography, transformation, and caveat.
